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Roof Systems Explained

Plain-English, illustrated guides to roofing materials, flashing, gutters, ventilation and repairs for homeowners.

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Roof Basics

How a Roof Works: Layers, Parts and Water Flow

October 16, 2026
Flat illustration of a house roof cut away to show framing, deck, underlayment and shingles, with raindrops running down to a gutter

Framing, deck, underlayment, flashing and covering: how the layers of a roof divide the work of keeping water out, and how rain travels from ridge to gutter.

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General information only, not professional advice. Work on a roof is dangerous: for inspections, repairs or anything at height, hire a licensed roofer. Electrical and structural work belong to licensed professionals.

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